A study out of Pueblo, Colorado reported in MMWR suggests that the Pueblo smoke-free ordinance of 2003 not only led to an immediate decrease in hospitalizations from acute myocardial infarction [AMI or 'heart attack'] but the decrease continued over time. Further studies are needed to validate these results but suggested reasons for the continued decrease in AMI hospitalizations include the immediate reduction in second hand smoke exposure among nonsmokers and increased quitting among smokers as a result of the ordinance and associated changes in social norms.
Other published studies have also demonstrated that smoke-free laws were associated with rapid, sizeable reductions in hospitalizations for AMI. One study that included objective confirmation of patients' smoking status reported reductions of 21%, 19%, and 14% in the number of hospitalizations for acute coronary syndrome among never smokers, former smokers, and current smokers, respectively, in the year after implementation of a comprehensive national smoke-free law. The decrease in hospitalizations among nonsmokers accounted for 67% of the total decrease.
Exposure to second hand smoke has immediate adverse cardiovascular effects, and prolonged exposure can cause coronary heart disease. As we continue to improve the health of our communities let's not forget smoke-free policies as an important component of our community interventions to prevent illness and death from heart disease.